Hair curler



Jan. 26', 1932. w, FERGUSON 1,843,019

v HAIR CURLER Filed Feb. 21, 1929 INVENTOR M Mzz wm BYJWM M ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 26, 1932 "PATENT OFFICE HAROLD W. FERGUSON, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK HAIR CURLER Application filed February 21, 1929. Serial No. 341,594. l

y This invention relates to hair curlers and especially to that class of hair curlers employed for what is knownas permanent waving. An object of this invention is to provide a construction in which the hair on the bobbin has steam jets forcing steam directly into the curled hair throughout the length offthe desired curl so that an even curling action is obtained. 1

To this and other ends, the invention consists of'certain parts and combinations of parts, all of which will be hereinafter described: the novel features being pointed out in the appended claims. I I In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a hair curler ,constructedaccording to one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectionof the same; Fig. 3 is a rear elevation;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44, Fig. 2;

.Fig-Lfi is a section'on theline 5-5, Fig. 2; and l i Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views of the clamp for constricting the tubular end piece'carrying the heat shield.

The apparatus illustrated, comprises an outer steam casing 1 and an inner bobbin casing 2extending longitudinally therethrough, openat its ends and of smaller diameter than the outer casing to provide an annular chamterse therebetween. The inner casing is secured in the outer casing by soldering or other suitable means and projects beyond its ends. A partition 4 in the outer casing forms achamber 5 adjacent one of its ends and a duct or nipple 6 communicates with this chamber and-is adapted to bB COIIIIGCtBd with a suitable source ofsteam supply containing, if desired, a hair softener, such as ammonia etc. The partition or wall 4 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged openings or ports 7 through which the'steam is permitted to pass to the chamber 3. Within the chamber 3 the wall of the inner casing is provided with a plurality of openings orperforations 8 through which the steam or vapor is forcefully jetted directly onto the Woundhair throughout the length of the steam chamber or throughout the desired curl.

The lock of hair to be operated on is wound on a bobbin 9 and inserted in the inner casing from the end adapted to be nearest the head of the patient and which has afiexible tubing 10 of rubber or other suitable material connected therewith and adapted tobe clamped closely about the lock of hair to prevent the escape of steam onto the head of the patient. 'To further protect thehead of the patient from the heat of the steam, a cap or scalp shield 11 of rubber or other suitable material may be secured in, or made integral with, the free end of the tubular member 10. It will be noted that live steam entering the chamber 3 expands and forms a pressure therein forcing it inwardly through the openings or perforations 8 in the form of amplurality of streams or jets which play'on the lock of hair on the bobbin within the casing.

' Means are provided for clamping the tubular member 10 tightly about the lock of hair '9 to prevent the escape of steam or water formed by its condensation from the tubular member to the head of the patient. To this end, a support 12 extends from the outer casing toa point conveniently beyond the end of the inner casing and has suitable clamping devices mounted thereon. Said clamping devices'comprise a pair of curved jaws 13 and 14 pivoted on the support 12 and having finger pieces 15 and 16 at their free ends. Locking devices are provided for locking the jaws in clamping engagement with the outer wall of the tubular member. To this end, the jaw 14 is provided with an extension 17 in the form of a finger piece and has a pair of upstanding lugs 18 thereon in which is pivotally mounted a locking member 19 having a detent 20 at one end adapted to project through an opening in the jaw 14 and into engagement with one or another of a plurality of openings 21 in the jaw 13. A spring 22, arranged between the locking member 19 and the jaw 14, serves to maintain the locking member in locking engagement with the jaw 13. A finger piece 19 is provided for releasing the lock.

In using the curler, a lock .of hair to be operated on is properly wound on the bobbin 9" and secured thereto by any suitable means, as a cord, and the bobbin'with the hair is then inserted through the tubular member 10 into the inner casing 2. The bobbin has suf- V ficient length to project from the opposite end of the casing which has a cap 20 of rubber or other suitable material having a central opening through which the bobbin eX- tends to center theilatterandisso formed as to permit theescape of steam. The flexible tubular member 10 isnow clamped into engagement with the hair by gripping the finger pieces 15 and 16 and held in clamping engagement by the locking devices. Steam is now admitted to the chamber 5 throughthe duct 6 .and enters the chamber '3 through the ports 7and from thence to the inner casing 72 through the openings ,8 into contact with I the hair. A portion of the steam condenses to secure by Letters-Patent. is:

in the inner tube and the chambers?) and 5, and means are provided for: draining oii the liquid formedby said condensation. Said means comprises a tubular duct 21? secured in the wall of the inner casing and extending outwardly through-an openinginthe wall of the outer casing and adapted. to receive a tube, to carrythe condensed liquid to aisuitable receptacle. The duct 21 maybe provided vwith an orifice 22*,oommunicating with the chamber 3 to permit theescape of condensed water, from saidchamber. When the operation is complete, the clamping .device is .released by releasing its locking device-andthe bobbin with the lock of hair is pushed out and removed from the casings, I

hair, uniformly dry; throughout the operation. Due to the factthat the hairon-the, bobbin is subjected to] steam jets throughout its length, the hair is eifectively' curled-because- -the steamjets penetrate the hairto the-bobbin. This gives an even curling action throughout. As the bobbin is not heated, the

outside layer of hair is subjected. to greater heatwhich itrequires owing toy-its larger curl formation than that ;WQ11IlCl directly on the rod or adjacent thereto.

,What I. claim, as; my invention and-jdesire :1. haircurlerhaving an outer: chamber,

an inner bobbin receiving chamberpmeans for'admitting steam to both chambers, and means for draining both chambers.

, 2. A hair curler having a steam chamber, a bobbin receiving chamber arranged within the steam chamber, and a drain duct extending outwardly from the bobbin receiving chamber through the steam chamber and having aport communicating with the latter to drain the latter.

3. Ahair curler comprising a steam cas- .ing',aa bobbinacasingarranged within the steam casing, means for admitting steam to --the bebbin casing from the steam casing, a

steam inlet chamber, and a plurality ofcircumferentially arranged ports leading thereirom to. the steam casing. Y

4. Aha r curlercomprisinga steam cas ng, a bobbin casmg extending therethrouglrand having an open end, a flexible extension on ,theopen end of thebobbin casing, and: a.

.scalpshiel'd on said extension.

' 5. A hair curler comprisingfa steam casing, a. bob-bin, casing extending there'through and having an open end, a flexibleextension onthe'open end of the bobbin casing,.-and

:means gmounted on the steam casing for clamping. said; extension onthehair.

6. A hairfcurlerv comprising anoutercasing, an inner cas1ng, means forfadmitting steam to said casings, and a common means for draining the interior of; bothof said casiings. I j 7. The method of'curling hair on the hea'd which consistsin curling the hairandfo'rcing jets of steam inwardly-with equal pressure into the hair'an'd entirely around the curl and.throughout'thelength of the'curl.

8. In a hair curler, a bobbin, abobbin receiving chamber having a plurality of jet openings surrounding the bobbin in the chamber, and means for supplying steam through said jet openings under a substantially uniform pressure.

9 'In. a hair curler, 'ahair bobbin, a hair bobbin receiving chainberhaving a plurality ofjet openings'entirely surrounding-the bobbin in the bobbin: receiving chamber, a chamber surrounding thefbobbin receiving chamber and having a wall surrounding'said bobbin receiving chamberandclosing one end of the chamber, said "Wall having equally spaced op enings to'permitthe steam toenter the outer chamberat points around the bobbin receiving chamber so that: therpressure of: the steam to vall of the jet openingsisuniform. v1O. A hair curler comprising .a casing, a flexible tubular member connectedto an-end of .theqcasing, a hair ibobbin ,insertible through. the. tubular member into the -casing, and .a clamp mountedupon-fland permanently connected to the casing )and adapted .to

clamp the tubular member, closely about the lock of hair-wound on the bobbin. V

,-.11. Ahair curler comprising.a casing,;a

scalp shield,- a flexible tubular member-1 connecting the scalp shield to an end of the casing, a hair bobbin passable through the scalp shield and tubular member into the casing, clamping means on the tubular member, and a positive connection between the clamping means and casing.

12. A hair curler comprising concentric casings, the inner casing projecting beyond the ends of the outer casing and having its intermediate portion perforated, a partition adjacent an end of the outer casing forming a chamber, means for supplying steam to said chamber, a drain duct connecting With both casings, a cap fitted to a projecting end of the inner casing, a flexible tubular member connected to the opposite end of the inner casing and provided at its outer end with a scalp shield, a hair bobbin passable through the scalp shield and tubular member into and through the inner casing, clamping means on the tubular member, and a positive connection between the clamping means and the outer casing.

HAROLD W. FERGUSON. 

